The Implication and Significance of Beta 2 Microglobulin: A Conservative Multifunctional Regulator / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This review focuses on the current knowledge on the implication and significance of beta 2 microglobulin (β2M), a conservative immune molecule in vertebrate.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>The data used in this review were obtained from PubMed up to October 2015. Terms of β2M, immune response, and infection were used in the search.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTIONS</b>Articles related to β2M were retrieved and reviewed. Articles focusing on the characteristic and function of β2M were selected. The exclusion criteria of articles were that the studies on β2M-related molecules.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>β2M is critical for the immune surveillance and modulation in vertebrate animals. The dysregulation of β2M is associated with multiple diseases, including endogenous and infectious diseases. β2M could directly participate in the development of cancer cells, and the level of β2M is deemed as a prognostic marker for several malignancies. It also involves in forming major histocompatibility complex (MHC class I or MHC I) or like heterodimers, covering from antigen presentation to immune homeostasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Based on the characteristic of β2M, it or its signaling pathway has been targeted as biomedical or therapeutic tools. Moreover, β2M is highly conserved among different species, and overall structures are virtually identical, implying the versatility of β2M on applications.</p>

Correlation of NOS1AP gene polymorphisms with sudden unexpected death in Chinese Han population / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphism of NOS1AP gene with sudden unexpected death (SUD) during daily activities.@*METHODS@#The heart blood samples were collected from 60 SUD cases in normal daily activities as SUD group and the peripheral blood samples from 80 random unrelated cases as control group. The genome DNAs from all cases were isolated and the gene sequences were analyzed from specific primers of some SNP (rs10494366, rs10918859, rs12143842, rs12742393, rs3751284, and rs348624) of NOS1AP. The allele frequency and genotype frequency were calculated and the difference in these SNP between SUD group and control group were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The allele frequency and genotype frequency of rs3751284 which located at the sixth exon domain had significant statistical differences between the two groups (P<0.05). The minor allele frequency of rs3751284 was 0.325 in SUD group and was 0.475 in control group.@*CONCLUSION@#rs3751284 might be a susceptibility locus for SUD.

Role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in restoring the functions of degenerative nucleus pulposus cells / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in restoring the functions of degenerative nucleus pulposus cells (dNPCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The animal models of degenerative nucleus pulposus were established by means of acupuncture and aspiration. The BMSCs as well as the normal and degeneratived nucleus pulposus cells of SD rats were isolated and cultured. The BMSCs/alginate gel complex and dNPCs/alginate gel complex were used for indirect co-culture in vitro, which was set as experiment group. The NPCs and dNPCs cultured alone as positive and negative controls. The cell growth conditions were observed by light microscopy, and suitable cells were selected to combine alginate gel stents and cultured in transwell plate. Seven days later, nucleus pulposus cells of each group were recycled, and the mRNA expressions of Collagen2, SOX 9, and Aggrecan were detected by RT-PCR, and the Collagen1, 2, and Aggrecan were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After non-contact co-culture for 7 days, the mRNA levels of Collagen2, SOX 9, and Aggrecan increased apparently in BMSCs+dNPCs group, while it was significantly lower in dNPCs sample (all P<0.05). The content of Collagen2 and Aggrecan detected by Western blotting in BMSCs+dNPCs group got close to NPCs sample, but it was significantly higher than dNPCs samples (all P<0.05), while the content of Collagen1in BMSCs+dNPCs group got close to NPCs samples, but it was significantly lower than dNPCs sample (P<0.05). Immunofluorescence results showed that cytoplasm was dyed red and the color near the caryon became dark in BMSCs+dNPCs group and dNPCs group;however, the colored scope of cytoplasm and the dark colored scope surrounding the caryon in BMSCs+dNPCs group was obviously larger than dNPCs group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Under a 3D non-contact co-culture system, BMSCs can promote the expression of epimatrix of the dNPCs, which shows that BMSCs can restore the functions of dNPCs of intervertebral disc to certain extent.</p>

Establishment and application of multiplex PCR for non-O157 H7 STEC virulence genes detection / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Traditional detection approaches for non-O157 STEC are both time and labour consuming in diseases surveillance. Virulence genes detection based on multiplex PCR could not only improve the detection efficiency but also increase the accuracy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six virulence genes of non-O157:H7 (stx1, stx2, eae, hly, etpD, katP6) were detected by two groups of trebling PCRs. The multiplex PCRs were optimized by melting curve analysis in SYBR Green I real-time PCR. Testing result of multiplex PCR was consistent with serological testing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity limits of the multiplex PCR for stx1, stx2, eaeP, etpD, katP, and hly were 10 ng/ml, 120 ng/ml, 110 ng/ml,165 ng/ml, 85 ng/ml, and 15 ng/ml, respectively, which is similar with that of single PCR. When the multiplex PCR was applied in 120 adults and 90 children diarrhea samples detection, 13 cases were detected for non-O157 positive.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method we established can be used for non-O157 STEC virulence genes detection and screening with high efficiency and accuracy.</p>

Application of serum total IgE, tryptase and chymase in the identification of death caused by drug anaphylactic shock / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the application value of serum total IgE, tryptase and chymase in the identification of death caused by drug anaphylactic shock.@*METHODS@#The general information from 235 cases of non-drug anaphylactic shock and 32 cases of drug anaphylactic shock were analyzed. The serum IgE level had been detected in the cases. Ten cases caused by coronary disease and 10 cases caused by sudden manhood death syndrome were selected from non-drug anaphylactic shock cases for the control group. Expressions of tryptase and chymase in the lung and heart were detected using immunohistochemistry method. The number and IOD of positive mast cells were counted.@*RESULTS@#In the drug anaphylactic shock group, the IgE value of 18 samples (56.25%) was significantly higher than the normal upper limit of 120 IU/mL. In the non-drug anaphylactic shock group, the IgE value of 67 samples (28.51%) was higher than 120 IU/mL. The expressions of tryptase and chymase were significantly increased in lung and myocardial tissue in drug anaphylactic shock group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Tryptase and chymase are more superior than that of the serum total IgE in the diagnosis of death caused by drug anaphylactic shock, and are more suitable in forensic practice.

Distribution of human enterovirus 71 in brainstem of infants with brain stem encephalitis and infection mechanism / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanism that how human enterovirus 71 (EV71) invades the brainstem and how intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1) participates by analyzing the expression and distribution of human EV71, and ICAM-1 in brainstem of infants with brain stem encephalitis.@*METHODS@#Twenty-two brainstem of infants with brain stem encephalitis were collected as the experimental group and 10 brainstems of fatal congenital heart disease were selected as the control group. The sections with perivascular cuffings were selected to observe EV71-VP1 expression by immunohistochemistry method and ICAM-1 expression was detected for the sections with EV71-VP1 positive expression. The staining image analysis and statistics analysis were performed. The experiment and control groups were compared.@*RESULTS@#(1) EV71-VP1 positive cells in the experimental group were mainly astrocytes in brainstem with [dark]-brown particles, and the control group was negative. (2) ICAM-1 positive cells showed [dark]-brown. The expression in inflammatory cells (around blood vessels of brain stem and in glial nodules) and gliocytes increased. The results showed statistical difference comparing with control group (P &lt; 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The brainstem encephalitis can be used to diagnose fatal EV71 infection in infants. EV71 can invade the brainstem via hematogenous route. ICAM-1 may play an important role in the pathogenic process.

Molecular epidemiology investigation of rabies virus nucleoprotein genes in China / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between the distribution of rabies virus and genetic variation, the genetic characterization and variation of rabies virus strains in China were analyzed.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The downstream 720 nucleotides of Nucleoprotein (N) gene coding region of the rabies specimens from different areas and host animals were sequenced, and then homology and phylogenesis were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nucleotide similarities of 34 N gene sequences were 87.5%-100%, and the deduced amino acid similarities were 93.3%-99.6%. Most of the nucleotide variations were synonymous mutations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 34 rabies specimens all belong to genotype I and are of regional characteristic. The rabies viruses in high-incidence areas in China are of various origins and present the transmission tendency from high-incidence areas to surrounding regions. There may be cross-infection and mutual spread of rabies virus between wildlife and domestic animals as well as native and foreign animals.</p>

Sequencing and analysis of complete genome of rabies viruses isolated from Chinese Ferret-Badger and dog in Zhejiang province / 病毒学报

Based on sequencing the full-length genomes of four Chinese Ferret-Badger and dog, we analyze the properties of rabies viruses genetic variation in molecular level, get the information about rabies viruses prevalence and variation in Zhejiang, and enrich the genome database of rabies viruses street strains isolated from China. Rabies viruses in suckling mice were isolated, overlapped fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and full-length genomes were assembled to analyze the nucleotide and deduced protein similarities and phylogenetic analyses from Chinese Ferret-Badger, dog, sika deer, vole, used vaccine strain were determined. The four full-length genomes were sequenced completely and had the same genetic structure with the length of 11, 923 nts or 11, 925 nts including 58 nts-Leader, 1353 nts-NP, 894 nts-PP, 609 nts-MP, 1575 nts-GP, 6386 nts-LP, and 2, 5, 5 nts- intergenic regions(IGRs), 423 nts-Pseudogene-like sequence (psi), 70 nts-Trailer. The four full-length genomes were in accordance with the properties of Rhabdoviridae Lyssa virus by BLAST and multi-sequence alignment. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences among Chinese strains had the highest similarity, especially among animals of the same species. Of the four full-length genomes, the similarity in amino acid level was dramatically higher than that in nucleotide level, so the nucleotide mutations happened in these four genomes were most synonymous mutations. Compared with the reference rabies viruses, the lengths of the five protein coding regions had no change, no recombination, only with a few point mutations. It was evident that the five proteins appeared to be stable. The variation sites and types of the four genomes were similar to the reference vaccine or street strains. And the four strains were genotype 1 according to the multi-sequence and phylogenetic analyses, which possessed the distinct district characteristics of China. Therefore, these four rabies viruses are likely to be street viruses already existing in the natural world.

Sequencing and analyses on glycoprotein gene of rabies viruses isolated in Zhejiang province,China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Based on sequencing the genomes of glycoprotein (GP) gene of rabies viruses isolated in Zhejiang, we analyzed the properties of rabies viruses genetic variation in molecular level, and to compare with those of other representative vaccine strains and street virus strains, get the information about rabies viruses variation. Methods Suckling mice against rabies virus were selected. Overlapped fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and full-length genomes were assembled to analyze the nucleotide and deduced protein similarities and phylogenetic analyses of the GP genes. Results The fourteen full-length genomes were completely sequenced and they had the same genetic structure with 1575 nts and deduced protein with 524 aa. Genetic analysis revealed that the nucleotide and amino acid homologies of GP gene from Zhejiang strains and other vaccine strains or street virus strains were 82.3%-99.9% and 85.1%-99.8%. The fourteen strains were genotype 1 according to the phylogenetic analyses. The GP amino acids of Zhejiang strains rabies virus strains without any recombination occurred in GP and no larger variation appeared in the major antigenic sites. Conclusion The comprehensive analysis based on the first-level structure of GP demonstrated that it was possible that some advantageous antigenic epitopes existed in certain areas and potential antigenic determinants. It was evident that the GP gene of Zhejiang strains appear to be stable and their sequence similarity with the representative strains of street virus in China were higher than those of other vaccine strains. Some differences showed in the genetic structure and evolution relationship among Zhejiang strains, other street strains in other regions and vaccine strains.

Dual steel plate for the surgical management of intercondylar fractures of the humerus through approach of osteotomy of olecranon / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the surgical management and its results of intercondylar fractures of the humerus through approach of osteotomy of olecranon (AOO) with dual steel plate.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2001 to March 2007, 38 patients of intercondylar fractures of humerus were treated surgically through AOO, and the fracture was reduced and fixed with dual steel plate. There were 24 males and 14 females with a mean age of 37 years (range 19 to 48 years). All cases were closed fractures. The fractures were classified according AO included 12 cases of C1, 20 cases of C2 and 6 cases of C3. The time from injured to operation was 6 hours to 14 days (means 7 days).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>These 38 patients were followed up from 5 months to 2 years (average 12 months). The wound healing of one patient was below the mark. After the treatment of change dressings, the wound healed. Of these 38 patients, no loosening or breakage of internal fixation occurred. All the osteotomies healed in 15 weeks averagely (range 12 to 22 weeks). According to Cassebaum scoring system, the results were excellent in 15 cases, good in 17 cases, fair in 5 cases and poor in 1 case.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The technique of dual steel plate for the treatment intercondylar fractures of the humerus through approach of osteotomy of olecranon (AOO) offers many advantages, such as sufficient exposure easy, stable fixation and earlier exercise. Functional exercise in the early period is the crucial factor of enhancing the therapeutic effect.</p>

Complete genome sequencing and analyses of rabies viruses isolated from wild animals (Chinese Ferret-Badger) in Zhejiang province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective Based on sequencing the full-length genomes of two Chinese Ferret-Badger, we analyzed the properties of rabies viruses genetic variation in molecular level to get information on prevalence and variation of rabies viruses in Zhejiang,and to enrich the genome database of rabies viruses street swains isolated from Chinese wildlife.Methods Overlapped fragments were amplified by RT-PCR and full-length genomes were assembled to analyze the nucleotide and deduced protein similarities and phylogenetic analyses of the N genes from Chinese Ferret-Badger,sika deer,vole,dog.Vaccine strains were then determined.Results The two full-length genomes were completely sequenced to find out that they had the same genetic structure with 11 923 nts including 58 nts-Leader, 1353 nts-NP,894 nts-PP,609 nts-MP,1575 nts-GP,6386 nts-LP, and 2,5,5 nts-intergenic regions (IORs),423 nts-Pseudogene-like sequence(ψ),70 nts-Trailer.Conclusion The two full-length genomes were in accordance with the propertms of Rhabdoviridae Lyssa virus by blast and multi-sequence alignment.Th nucleotide and amino acid sequences among Chinese strains had the highest similarity,especially among animals of the same species.Of the two full-length genomes,the similarity in amino acid level was dramatically higher than that in nucleotide level, so that the nucleotide mutations happened in these two genomes were most probably as synonymous mutations.Compared to the referenced rabies viruses,the lengths of the five protein coding regions did not show any changes or recombination,but only with a few-point mutations.It was evident that the five proteins appeared to be stable.The variation sites and types of the two ferret badgers genomes were similar to the referenced vaccine or street strains.The two strains were genotype 1 according to the multi-sequence and phyiogenetic analyses,which possessing the distinct geographyphic characteristics of China.All the evidence suggested a cue that these two ferret badgers rabies viruses were likely to be street virus that already circulating in wildlife.

New animal hosts of rabies virus in mountain areas in Zhejiang province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the prevalence of rabies among wild animals and the animal species in rabies epidemic areas of Zhejiang province. Methods One hundred and sixty samples were collected from the brain tissues of cats, stoats, Apodemus agrarius, Moschus chinensis, and Sus scrofa in Lishui and Chunan cities of Zhejiang province. Each sample was divided into four parts: cerebrum,mesencephal, cerebellum and cyrus hippocampi which were used to determine the positive samples by detection of rabies virus specific antigens and nucleotides, using DFA and RT-PCR methods. Results Positive slides in the tests contained a glaring, apple green brilliance fluorescence using rabies virus specific monoclonal antibody against nucleoprotein. Using Nested-PCR method targeted at part of N gene,five positive samples were identified which consisting of four positive samples from stoats with positive ratio as 8.33% (4/48) and one positive sample from Apodemns agrarius with positive ratio as 1.75% (1/57). However, no positive result was found from cats, Moschus chinensis, and Sus scrofa samples. Conclusion Rabies virus positive samples were identified from stoats and Apodemus agrarins in the mountain areas with biological diversity in Lishui and Chunan cities of Zhejiang province,indicating that stoats and Apodemus agrarius might have played a role in human rabies and acted as host of rabies virus. In order to effectively prevent and control rabies virus under these complicated geographical and ecological environment, we must understand and evaluate the infection situation among animals in these regions.

Percutaneous suture in the treatment of patellar fracture / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study therapeutic effects of patella and femur fixation combined with percutaneous suture in the treatment of patellar fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In the study,23 patients with patellar fractures were treated with percutaneous Kirschner-pin transfixation and percutaneous suture after Kirschner pins transfixation of superior pole of patellar and condyle of femur. Among the patients, 17 patients were male and 6 patients were female, ranging in age from 18 to 73 years (mean 32.4 years). The therapeutic effects were evaluated according to Bistman criterion for patellar fracture.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up and ranged from 6 to 38 months (mean 11 months). All the fractures were anatomically reduction or near-anatomical reduction. According to Böstman criterion for patellar fracture, 20 were excellent and 3 good.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method of patella and femur fixation combined with suture for patellar fractures has such advantages as smaller invasion, less complication or sequel, fine reduction of fracture, good restoration of joint function and none operative cicatrix.</p>

Survey on human rabies cases and its viral molecular biological features in Baoshan city, Yunnan province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the epidemiological features of two rabies cases in Baoshan city year 2006 and 2007 and to analyze its source of infection.Methods Questionnaires were used to do the epidemiologieal survey on each of the rabies cases.Brain timue samples of rabies patients were collet to detect the rabies virus by direct immunofluoreseence assay(DFA)and RT-PCR assay.Homology and phylogenetic tree were analyzed.based on the whole nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of P,M and N gene of rabies virus followed by molecular epidemiological analysis.Results In July 2006,one human rabies case was identified in Longyang district,and another one in Tengchong county in Baoshan city in 2007.The degrees of exposure of these two patients was all at degreeⅢ.Two brain tissue samples among the dead patients(No.CYN0601H and CYN0701H)were confirmed positive by both DFA and RTPCR assay.The homology analysis of P,M and N gene sequences among CYN0601H,CYN0701H and other rabias strains isolated from other provinces and other counties.showed that the samples in Baoshan city shared the highest homology with the strains in Thailand.Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the two samples were very dose and all belonged to genetype 1 Lyssavirus,with the closest relationship between samples in Baoshan city and strains in Thailand.Conclusion It Was confirmed on the virus molecular level that the two patients in Baoshan city were both suffered from rabies.The prevalent strains in Baoshan city WaS probably imported from foreign country,suggesting that prevention and control measures on rabies virus in the boarder areas of Yunnan should be strengthened.

Characterization of rabies virus phosphoprotein in high prevalence provinces of China / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Characterization of rabies virus phosphoprotein through analyzation of genetic variations about rabies virus phosphoproteins in high-incidence regions in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The nucleotide sequence of the P gene of Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces positive sample's were sequenced, and the P region's similarity and phylogenetic analyses were completed by using softer wares.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The similarity of P region's nucleotide sequence is 82.1%-100%, while, the similarity of amino acid sequence is 87.5%-100%. A little variation in phosphoprotein cannot influence its biological functions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All rabies viruses isolated from Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan provinces belong to genotype 1 and share same phylogenesis and same genome characteristic; Virus distribution presents unique Characterization; Some virus isolates from Hunan province and Thailand may come from the same virus.</p>

The primary application of direct rapid immunohistochemical test to rabies diagnosis in China / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Evaluation of the direct rapid immumohistochemical test (DRIT) for laboratory surveillance of rabies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>72 brain specimens of domestic dogs or patients collected from Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Yunnan provinces were detected by conventional methods including Direct Fluorescent-antibody Assay (DFA) and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), and by DRIT which was newly developed in the Rabies Section of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States. The sensitivity and specificity of DRIT were evaluated by compare of the three results. By analysis of the index including cost of experiment, technique requirement and so on, the advancement and applicability of DRIT were discussed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with DFA and RT-PCR, DRIT will be more applicable for laboratories with limited funds and weak techniques because of its lower cost needed and simpler techniques required while its sensitivity and specificity are equal to the other two methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DRIT is more valuable in rabies diagnosis and more applicable for extension and popularization in rabies laboratory surveillance in local CDC.</p>

Bevacizumab (Avastin) inhibits lung cancer-induced pulmonary microvascular angiogenesis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of bevacizumab (Avastin) on pulmonary microvascular angiogenesis induced by lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effects of Avastin on cell growth, cell cycle and apoptosis of lung microvascular endothelial cells were assayed by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Avastin inhibited the growth of lung microvascular endothelial cells and induced increase of cell apoptosis index in a concentration-dependent manner. With the increment of Avastin concentration from 25 to 100 microg/ml, avascular area increased from 0.944-/+0.073 cm square to 5.189-/+0.192 cm square, and the cell apoptosis index increased from 32.5%-/+1.5% to 39.25-/+1.6%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Avastin can inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis of lung microvascular endothelial cells in three-dimensional culture, possibly in association with cell cycle arrest in G(0/1) phase.</p>

The prevention of hepatolithiasis and biliary stricture post choledochojejunostomy / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevention of hepatolithiasis and biliary stricture post choledochojejunostomy using choledochoscopy technique and evaluate feasibility and efficacy of choledochojejunostomy and artificial valve of efferent loop in preventing reflux.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To analyze the data of 47 patients with hepatolithiasis who had been operated with Roux-en-Y cholangiojejunostomy and artificial valve of efferent loop to prevent bilio-intestinal regurgitation. Of the patients, 19 were marked with silver nip at the jejunum export of bilio-intestinal anastomosis. The regurgitation, recurrence, anastomotic stricture and their managements after the surgery were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The bilio-intestinal regurgitation were found in 32 cases (32/47, 68.1%), it suggested that artificial valve could not prevent bilio-intestinal regurgitation efficiently. Two cases of hepatolithiasis recurred and were cured by sinus tract placement with the aid of silver nip mark under choledochoscope instead of re-operation. Of the 6 cases with anastomotic stricture, 5 cases were treated successfully with stone extraction, biliary stent dilatation under the percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) and the other one case died.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Silver nip mark provides safe and simple path for the cholangioscopy, it made the treatment of the recurrent biliary stricture and stone safe and brief, made the cholangioscopy play more important role in the hepatolithiasis, residual stone and biliary stricture. PTCS is mini-invasive, safe, simple and effective.</p>

Effects of pirarubicin chemotherapy combined with hyperthermia on gastric cancer in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of pirarubicin (THP) in combination with hyperthermia on gastric cancer tissues in vitro and explore the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In vitro three-dimensional culture models were established with tissue biopsies from 36 patients with pathologically confirmed gastric cancer. The tumor cell viability was measured by MTS-PMS assay, and HE staining was used to study the histomorphological changes of the tissues following chemotherapy and hyperthermia.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Synergistic tumor cell-killing effects of cisplatin, THP, and mitomycin with hyperthermia was observed in the tumor tissues (P=0.000), and THP exhibited stronger cytotoxic effects than the other drugs. Histomorphological study suggested strong killing effects of THP on the tumor tissues, which displayed disrupted tissue structure, cellular degradation and necrosis, karyopyknosis and karyolysis, with cytoplasm loss. The anti-tumor effects of THP were associated with clinical staging and pathological grading of the tumors (P=0.000), but not with the patients' gender, age, tumor size and preoperative CEA levels (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pirarubicin shows good synergistic effects with hyperthermia, and the cytotoxicity of pirarubicin against gastric cancer tissue is enhanced considerably by mild hyperthermia. THP can be a potential therapeutic drug for intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia.</p>